ABSTRACT
Low serum vitamin B(12) (V B(12)) and hyperhomocysteinemia have been reported in asymptomatic Asian Indian men. We studied the prevalence of V B(12) deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia in 51 asymptomatic toddlers, from Pune, India. V B(12) levels were low and total serum homocysteine was high in 14% and homocysteine levels were significantly higher in boys. Programming for cardiovascular risk in adulthood possibly starts at a very young age through the homocysteine axis.
Subject(s)
Body Height , Body Weight , Child, Preschool , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet, Vegetarian/statistics & numerical data , Female , Folic Acid/blood , Homocysteine/blood , Humans , Hyperhomocysteinemia/blood , India/epidemiology , Male , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vitamin B 12/blood , Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/bloodSubject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Craniocerebral Trauma/drug therapy , Female , Glasgow Coma Scale , Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Male , Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage , Middle Aged , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Risk Factors , Survival Rate , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
We report the results of neurological evaluation of 1,527 HIV positive subjects. Neurological complications were seen in 457 patients (481 neurological events). The prevalence was 20.24% of patients attending the out-patient clinic and in 44.57% of in-patients. Involvement of all levels of neuraxes was documented. The commonest manifestations were neuropathies, including herpes zoster (28.27%), meningitis (17.88%) and mass lesions (16%). Cryptococcal meningitis was clearly commoner than tubercular meningitis (67.44% vs 18.60% of all cases of meningitis, respectivelv). Amongst mass lesions, 14/24 single lesions and 27/38 multiple lesions responded to anti-toxoplasma treatment and were diagnosed as CNS toxoplasmosis. In abscence of biopsy, it would be prudent to initiate empirical anti-toxoplasma treatment for all HIV patients with mass lesions and assess clinical and radiological response. To our knowledge this is the largest series of neurological manifestations of HIV disease documented in Indian literature.
Subject(s)
Adult , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Female , HIV Infections/complications , Humans , Male , Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , PrevalenceABSTRACT
We present a case of renal cell carcinoma diagnosed in 1982; aged 20 years. Regular follow up of the abdomen by USG noted first the presence of 2 nodules in the remaining kidney in 1994, age 30 and more lesions in 1997, aged 35. These were suspected to be angiomyolipomas on USG. The radiologist on this basis raised the question of tuberous sclerosis. Subsequent evaluation by internist/neurologist showed few adenoma sebaceum lesions a single ash leaf macule, a shagreen patch on the back, and characteristic multiple subependymal calcifications diagnostic of tuberous sclerosis on CT scan brain. The mentation was normal, there was history of only a single fit in childhood. The renal cell carcinoma was thus the first significant manifestation of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).